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␈↓ ↓H␈↓α␈↓ αX1979-80 STUDY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PHILOSOPHY

␈↓ ↓H␈↓␈↓ α_An␈α
increasing␈α
number␈α
of␈α
philosophers␈α
and␈α
researchers␈α
in␈α
artificial␈α
intelligence␈α
have␈α
come
␈↓ ↓H␈↓to␈α
believe␈α
that␈αthese␈α
subjects␈α
have␈αrelations␈α
closer␈α
than␈αthe␈α
usual␈α
ones␈αthat␈α
philosophy␈α
has␈αwith
␈↓ ↓H␈↓other␈αscientific␈αdisciplines.␈α On␈αthe␈αone␈αhand,␈αan␈αintelligent␈αcomputer␈αprogram␈αmust␈αbe␈αequipped
␈↓ ↓H␈↓with␈α⊂a␈α⊂formalized␈α⊂general␈α⊂view␈α⊂of␈α⊂the␈α⊃world,␈α⊂and␈α⊂general␈α⊂views␈α⊂of␈α⊂the␈α⊂world␈α⊂have␈α⊃been␈α⊂the
␈↓ ↓H␈↓province␈αof␈αphilosophy.␈α On␈αthe␈αother␈αhand,␈αan␈αincreasingly␈αattractive␈αway␈αof␈αverifying␈αa␈αtheory
␈↓ ↓H␈↓of␈αhow␈αknowledge␈αabout␈αthe␈αworld␈αcan␈αbe␈αobtained␈αis␈αto␈αprogram␈αa␈αcomputer␈αto␈α
seek␈αknowledge
␈↓ ↓H␈↓in␈α∂accordance␈α∂with␈α∂the␈α∂tenets␈α∂of␈α∂the␈α∂theory␈α⊂-␈α∂or␈α∂at␈α∂least␈α∂to␈α∂discuss␈α∂how␈α∂a␈α∂computer␈α⊂might␈α∂be
␈↓ ↓H␈↓programmed␈α
to␈α
seek␈α
knowledge.␈α
 Beyond␈α
that,␈α
both␈α
fields␈α
share␈α
an␈α
interest␈α
in␈α
philosophical␈α
logic␈α
-
␈↓ ↓H␈↓the study of formal theories of knowledge, causality, ability, wants, etc.

␈↓ ↓H␈↓␈↓ α_From␈α∀the␈α∀AI␈α∀side,␈α∀the␈α∀connection␈α∀has␈α∀been␈α∀explicitly␈α∀recognized␈α∀by␈α∃John␈α∀McCarthy
␈↓ ↓H␈↓(Stanford),␈α∂Patrick␈α⊂Hayes␈α∂(Essex),␈α⊂Herbert␈α∂Simon␈α∂(Carnegie-Mellon),␈α⊂and␈α∂Robert␈α⊂Moore␈α∂(SRI),
␈↓ ↓H␈↓among␈α
others.␈α From␈α
the␈αphilosophical␈α
side␈αthe␈α
connection␈αhas␈α
been␈αrecognized␈α
by␈αDaniel␈α
Dennett
␈↓ ↓H␈↓(Tufts),␈α⊃Margaret␈α⊂Boden␈α⊃(Sussex),␈α⊂Patrick␈α⊃Suppes␈α⊂(Stanford),␈α⊃Zenon␈α⊂Pylyshyn␈α⊃(U.␈α⊃of␈α⊂Western
␈↓ ↓H␈↓Ontario?),␈α∞Martin␈α∞Ringle␈α∞(SUNY,␈α
New␈α∞Paltz),␈α∞and␈α∞others,␈α
and␈α∞less␈α∞explicitly␈α∞by␈α∞Hilary␈α
Putnam
␈↓ ↓H␈↓among others.

␈↓ ↓H␈↓␈↓ α_Therefore,␈α∞the␈α∞idea␈α∞of␈α∞organizing␈α∞a␈α∞joint␈α∞study␈α∞by␈α∞philosophers␈α∞and␈α∞artificial␈α
intelligence
␈↓ ↓H␈↓researchers␈α∞in␈α∞the␈α∞academic␈α
year␈α∞1979-80␈α∞at␈α∞the␈α∞Center␈α
for␈α∞Advanced␈α∞Study␈α∞in␈α∞the␈α
Behavioral
␈↓ ↓H␈↓Sciences␈αhas␈αmet␈αwith␈αan␈αenthusiastic␈αreception␈αamong␈αmany␈αof␈αthe␈αpeople␈αmentioned␈αabove␈αand
␈↓ ↓H␈↓some others in addition.

␈↓ ↓H␈↓␈↓ α_At␈αthe␈αrequest␈αof␈αGardner␈αLindzey,␈αJohn␈αMcCarthy␈αhas␈αdiscussed␈αwith␈αseveral␈αpeople␈α
their
␈↓ ↓H␈↓interest␈α∩in␈α∪participating.␈α∩ There␈α∩will␈α∪be␈α∩no␈α∪problem␈α∩in␈α∩attracting␈α∪more␈α∩than␈α∪enough␈α∩highly
␈↓ ↓H␈↓qualified␈αpeople,␈αbut␈αthere␈αhasn't␈αbeen␈αtime␈αto␈αcontact␈αenough␈αpeople␈αto␈αcome␈αup␈αwith␈αa␈αtentative
␈↓ ↓H␈↓list.␈α⊂ The␈α⊂number␈α⊂originally␈α⊂mentioned␈α⊂is␈α⊂four␈α⊂to␈α∂seven,␈α⊂and␈α⊂a␈α⊂good␈α⊂study␈α⊂is␈α⊂possible␈α⊂with␈α∂a
␈↓ ↓H␈↓number of attendees in that range.

␈↓ ↓H␈↓␈↓ α_A tentative list of the interests to be covered is the following:

␈↓ ↓H␈↓1. The conditions for ascribing specific mental qualities to machines.

␈↓ ↓H␈↓2.␈αWhat␈αan␈αintelligent␈αmachine␈αmust␈αknow␈αabout␈αthe␈αworld,␈αwhat␈αmodes␈αof␈αreasoning␈αmust␈αit␈αuse,
␈↓ ↓H␈↓and how can all these be realized in its structure.

␈↓ ↓H␈↓3. Formalisms for expressing facts about the world and about a person's or a machine's attitudes.

␈↓ ↓H␈↓It will be an advantage if some participants' interests include several of the topics.